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1. Study the diagram of the hydrological cycle.What is the name of the movement of water identified as number 6?
   

   1.   ?    Precipitation
   2.   ?    Interception
   3.   ?    Infiltration
   4.   ?    Throughflow

2. What is the area of water drained by a river called?

   1.   ?    Floodplain
   2.   ?    Drainage Basin
   3.   ?    Drainage land
   4.   ?    Levée

3. What is meant by evapotranspiration?

   1.   ?    Where water from the ground is evaporated.
   2.   ?    Water moving through the soil to reach the river
   3.   ?    Where water vapour from trees and plants and the ground itself passes to the air
   4.   ?    Rain, snow or sleet

4. What is the horizontal movement of water through the soil called?

   1.   ?    Interception
   2.   ?    Percolation
   3.   ?    Throughflow
   4.   ?    Groundwater Flow

5. Name the landform feature shown in the diagram below
   

   
   
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6. What are the four processes of river erosion called?

   1.   ?    erosion; abrasion; traction and solution
   2.   ?    traction; suspension; attrition and abrasion
   3.   ?    abrasion; attrition; hydraulic action and solution
   4.   ?    hydraulic action; attrition; saltation and abrasion

7. What is traction?

   1.   ?    a process of river transport by which large boulders are rolled along the bed
      
   2.   ?    an erosion process by which rocks are worn smooth
   3.   ?    a transport process by which silt and clay-sized particles are carried within the water
   4.   ?    when large materials are deposited

8. Identify one landform feature found in the upper course of a river

   1.   ?    delta
   2.   ?    ox-bow lake
   3.   ?    waterfall
   4.   ?    floodplain

9. The x marked on the diagram shows the point at which two rivers meet, what is this called?
   

   1.   ?    floodplain
   2.   ?    confluence
   3.   ?    distributory
   4.   ?    delta

10. On a meander bend does erosion occur on the outside or inside bend?

    
    
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11. What is the name of upland river feature shown in this photograph?
    

    1.   ?    a u-shaped valley
    2.   ?    waterfall
    3.   ?    a v-shaped valley
    4.   ?    a gorge

12. Look at the diagram of waterfall formation. What is the name of the steep sided valley left behind as the waterfall retreats?
    

    
    
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13. How does straightening a river help to reduce the risks of flooding?

    1.   ?    reduces the speed of flow
    2.   ?    reduces friction and allows water to be carried away quickly
    3.   ?    increases the width of the river
    4.   ?    less water will enter the river

14. What is meant by lag-time?

    1.   ?    the time between maximum rainfall and peak discharge
    2.   ?    the time between the lowest rainfall and peak discharge
    3.   ?    the time taken for the river to return to normal flow
    4.   ?    how quickly the river level falls

15. Identify one feature of the lower course of a river

    1.   ?    waterfall
    2.   ?    meander
    3.   ?    estuary
    4.   ?    v-shaped valley

16. What is the name give to a graph showing the pattern of river discharge over a period of time?

    
    
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17. What are levées?

    1.   ?    a raised river bank, increasing river capacity and reducing the likelihood of flooding
       
    2.   ?    a small channel running into the main river
    3.   ?    features formed by erosion along the side of a river
    4.   ?    material transported by a river

18. What is the edge of a drainage basin called (see feature x on the diagram)?
    

    
    
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19. How does deforestation increase the likelihood of flooding?

    1.   ?    it reduces the amount of water reaching the river
    2.   ?    it increases the amount of infiltration that will occur
    3.   ?    less interception means that more water will enter the river
    4.   ?    it makes the surface impermeable

20. What are the main characteristics of the upper course of a river?

    1.   ?    narrow, steep sided valley with wide channel and smooth bed
    2.   ?    narrow, steep sided valley with narrow channel and rocky bed
    3.   ?    wide valley with gentle sloping sides
    4.   ?    steep slopes, slow flowing river with small boulders

21. Which course of a river does the photograph show? Upper, middle or lower?
    

    
    
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22. How do urban areas increase the likelihood of flooding?

    1.   ?    they have many permeable surfaces that allow water to pass over them
    2.   ?    there is less evaporation in urban areas
    3.   ?    they have many impermeable surfaces that cause surface runoff
    4.   ?    There are more trees to soak up water

23. What do we call the process that occurs when material can no longer be carried by a river?

    
    
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24. Bangladesh has a monsoon climate bringing heavy rain and resulting in large amounts of runoff - true or false?

    1.   ?    True
    2.   ?    False

25. Which of the following correctly summarise the main changes in a river as it passes downstream?

    1.   ?    the channel becomes wider and deeper, less sediment can be carried; the discharge is lower
    2.   ?    the gradient becomes steeper; velocity and discharge increases; the channel becomes wider and deeper
    3.   ?    the gradient becomes more gentle; the channel becomes wider and deeper; velocity and discharge increases; more sediment is carried;
    4.   ?    discharge increases; velocity decreases; the channel becomes narrower